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Data Sheet
MC44C401L Rev. 0.5, 07/2004
MC44C401L MTS Stereo Encoder
The MC44C401L Multi-Channel Television Sound (MTS) Stereo Encoder is the industry's first, single-chip, CMOS implementation of a Broadcast Television Systems Committee (BTSC)-compatible stereo encoder. The MC44C401L MTS Stereo Encoder is designed for use in set-top boxes, VCRs, DVD players/recorders, game stations, and other applications that are required to output high-quality stereo sound through a single RF coaxial cable. The digital audio processing used in the MC44C401L preserves the full fidelity of surround sound and other audio coding schemes while ensuring overall system performance is not impacted by copy protection technologies. The MC44C401L is engineered to process right and left analog audio signals and baseband composite video to generate a stereophonic composite signal in accordance with BTSC system standards. The MC44C401L is designed to output this signal to a Motorola RF modulator, which in turn produces a stereo encoded RF channel for use with any BTSC stereo television receiver.
Contents Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reference Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Block Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I/O Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Package Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
1 2 2 4 5 7 9
1
* * *
Features
Integrated A/D input and D/A output circuitry CEXTM digital audio processing encodes and transports stereo signals Surround sound and MacrovisionTM compatible
(c) Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2004. All rights reserved.
PRELIMINARY--SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
Reference Documentation
* * * * * *
Extended low frequency response (The MC44C401L frequency response extends below 25 Hz) Simple passive interface to Motorola's MC44BC374 (UHF/VHF) and MC44BC375 (VHF) modulators Preservation of original surround sound fidelity System performance not impacted by copy protection technologies Enables lower system component count, smaller board size, and significantly lower overall system cost Eliminates manual alignment of filters, phase controls, and composite signal amplitude
2
Reference Documentation
"Multichannel Television Sound Transmission and Audio Processing Requirements for the BTSC System", FCC OET Bulletin No. 60, February 1986.
3
Block Diagrams
MC44C401L APLLVDD XTALIN XTALOUT APLLVSS ADCVDD VINLP VAGO 30 28 27 29 7 9 10
Oscillator
APLL
Clock Generator
4MHz
22
CLK4MHZ
ADC
DAC
11 15 16
DACVDD CA DACVSS
VREFP VAGO VREFM
4 6 5
V-REF
VINRP VAGO ADCVSS
2 3 8
ADC
26 25 24 21 20 19 18
DVSS OVDD DVSS DVDD DVSS DVSS DVSS
CVBS
1
Sync Separator Audio Processor
17
VID_PRES
SSVDD SSVSS
31 32
Sync Separator Reference
Figure 1. MC44C401L Block Diagram
MTS Stereo Encoder, Rev. 0.5 2 PRELIMINARY--SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE Freescale Semiconductor
Block Diagrams
0.1F 0.1F VIN 3.3V REG 22H 1F 3.3V 1K 47 47 1F 510 1F 1F 0.1F 0.1F
30
29
21
31
25 OVDD
APLLVDD
APLLVSS
1F LEFT IN RIGHT IN 9 2 3 10 6 4 5 0.1F 1 0.1F 470pF 1M
ADCVDD
DACVDD
DVDD
SSVDD
11 17 560H 1000pF 1F 2200pF
7
1F 1F 0.1F 1K
VINLP VINRP VAGO VAGO VAGO VREFP VREFM
VID_PRES
VID_PRES to Modulator Composite Audio to Modulator 4MHz to Modulator
CVBS 15 500
MC44C401L
CLK4MHZ XTALOUT 22
LPF or BPF
CVBS IN
CVBS
32 8 16 26 24 20 19 18 28
SSVSS ADCVSS DACVSS DVSS DVSS DVSS DVSS DVSS XTALIN
27
Analog Ground Digital Ground 12MHz 22pF 2M 22pF
Figure 2. MC44C401L Recommended Usage
MTS Stereo Encoder, Rev. 0.5 Freescale Semiconductor PRELIMINARY--SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE 3
I/O Description
4
I/O Description
4.1 Signal List
The Stereo Modulator I/O signals are described in Table 1.
Table 1. MC44C401L Signal Descriptions
Signal Analog VINL VREFP VAGO VREFM VINR CVBS Digital CA VID_PRES 15 17 Composite Audio Output Video present flag, 0 = no video, hi-z = video present valid after 100 lines of valid video No Connect 9 4 3,6,10 5 2 1 Left channel input voltage ADC ref. input voltage Analog virtual ground ADC ref. input voltage Right channel input voltage Composite video input Pin # Description
NC
23,14, 13,12 Clocks
XTALIN XTALOUT CLK4MHZ1 Power Supply APLLVDD APLLVSS SSVDD SSVSS ADCVDD ADCVSS
28 27 22
Crystal input Crystal output 4 MHz clock for Audio/Video modulator IC
30 29 31 32 7 8
APLL analog supply voltage, 1.8 V APLL analog ground Sync Separator analog supply voltage, 3.3 V Sync Separator analog ground ADC analog supply voltage, 3.3 V ADC analog ground
MTS Stereo Encoder, Rev. 0.5 4 PRELIMINARY--SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE Freescale Semiconductor
Electrical Specifications
Table 1. MC44C401L Signal Descriptions (continued)
Signal DACVDD DACVSS DVDD DVSS Pin # 11 16 21 18, 19, 20, 24, 26 25 Description DAC I/O supply voltage, 3.3 V DAC I/O ground Digital Logic supply voltage, 1.8 V Digital Logic/I/O ground
OVDD
1
I/O supply voltage, 3.3 V
Use a 4MHz LPF or BPF on this clock signal to the modulator
5
Electrical Specifications
5.1 DC Characteristics
Table 2. MC44C401L DC Characteristics (Preliminary)
PIN DVDD DVDD OVDD OVDD DACVDD DACVDD ADCVDD ADCVDD SSVDD SSVDD APLLVDD APLLVDD VREFP VREFM VAGO VINX VINX CVBS Symbol Vil Vih Parameter 1.8 V Digital Logic 1.8 V Digital Logic 3.3 V Digital Output 3.3 V Digital Output 3.3 V DAC Supply 3.3 V DAC Supply 3.3 V ADC Supply 3.3 V ADC Supply 3.3 V Sync. Sep Supply 3.3 V Sync. Sep Supply 1.8 V APLL Supply 1.8 V APLL Supply Voltage Ref. Bypass plus Voltage Ref. Bypass minus Voltage Ref. Ground Signal Input Signal Input Video input (See Figure 2) VREFM VREFM 1 1.62 2.97 2.97 2.97 2.97 Min 1.62 Typ 1.80 18.0 3.30 2.0 3.30 7.0 3.30 7.0 3.3 2.0 1.8 3.0 2.0 1.0 1.5 VREFP VREFP 1.98 Max 1.98 22.0 3.63 8.0 3.63 9.0 3.63 9.0 3.63 Unit V mA V mA V mA V mA V mA V mA V V V V V Vpp
MTS Stereo Encoder, Rev. 0.5 Freescale Semiconductor PRELIMINARY--SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE 5
Electrical Specifications
Table 2. MC44C401L DC Characteristics (continued)(Preliminary)
PIN CLK4MHZ CLK4MHZ CA
1
Symbol Vol Voh Vol1
Parameter 4 MHz Clock Output @ I =.6 mA 4 MHz Clock Output @ I =.6 mA Composite Audio Output
Min 2.97
Typ
Max
Unit V
3.63 2.2
V Vpp
Vol is measured at Iload= 6 mA (see test circuit Figure 2)
5.2 AC Characteristics
Table 3. MC44C401L AC Characteristics (Preliminary) (See Figure 2)
SIGNALS LEFT/RIGHT IN LEFT/RIGHT IN COMPOSITE COMPOSITE COMPOSITE COMPOSITE CVBS IN CVBS Zin Symbol Input Level Input Impedance Composite Output Level2 SNR3 THD2 -1 db Bandwidth Video Level Video Input Impedance Stereo Separation 500Hz - 5KHz4 Stereo Separation 100Hz 10KHz4
1 2
Parameter1
Min
Typ
Max 1.0
Unit Vpp k Vpp dB
250 2.2 65 75 0.1 20 0.5 1000 35 30 35 0.3 14000 2.0
% Hz Vpp W dB dB
See Figure 2 for test setup Test conditions 1 kHz 0 dB 3 Measured in 20 Hz to 13.5 kHz bandwidth 4 Measured -10 dB input level
MTS Stereo Encoder, Rev. 0.5 6 PRELIMINARY--SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE Freescale Semiconductor
Package Data
6
Package Data
6.1 MC44C401L Package
The MC44C401L pin-outs (32TQFP package) are shown in Figure 3.
XTALOUT APLLVDD APLLVSS SSVDD XTALIN SSVSS OVDD 25 24 Orientation Mark Freescale MC44C401L
32 CVBS VINR VAGO VREFP VREFM VAGO ADCVDD ADCVSS 8 9 1
DVSS
DVSS NC CLK4MHZ DVDD DVSS DVSS DVSS
17 16
VID_PRES
DACVDD
Figure 3. MC44C401L 32LQFP Package
MTS Stereo Encoder, Rev. 0.5 Freescale Semiconductor PRELIMINARY--SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE 7
DACVSS
VAGO
VINL
NC
NC
NC
CA
Package Data
6.2 Mechanical Data
4X 0.20 H A-B D D1 PIN 1 INDEX
1
6 D1/2
32 26 25
e/2
3
A, B, D
F B
A 5 E1 E1/2
8 9
G
G
E E/2
4 DETAIL G
F
G
16
17
NOTES: 1. 2. 3. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. DATUM PLANE A, B AND D TO BE DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE H. DIMENSIONS D AND E TO BE DETERMINED AT SEATING PLANE C. DIMENSIONS b DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL NOT CAUSE THE LEAD WIDTH TO EXCEED THE MAXIMUM b DIMENSION BY MORE THAN 0.08 MM. DAMBAR CANNOT BE LOCATED ON THE LOWER RADIUS OR THE FOOT. MINIMUM SPACE BETWEEN PROTRUSION AND ADJACENT LEAD OR PROTRUSION: 0.07 MM. DIMENSIONS D1 AND E1 DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE PROTRUSION IS 0.25 MM PER SIDE. D1 AND E1 ARE MAXIMUM PLASTIC BODY SIZE DIMENSIONS INCLUDING MOLD MISMATCH. EXACT SHAPE OF EACH CORNER IS OPTIONAL. THESE DIMENSIONS APPLY TO THE FLAT SECTION OF THE LEAD BETWEEN 0.1 MM AND 0.25 MM FROM THE LEAD TIP. MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 1.40 1.60 0.05 0.15 1.35 1.45 0.30 0.45 0.30 0.40 0.09 0.20 0.09 0.16 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 0.80 BSC 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 0.70 0.50 1.00 REF 0 7 12 REF 0.08 0.20 -0.08 0.20 REF
7
D/2 D 4X 0.20 C A-B D
D
4
4. 5.
28X e H SEATING PLANE C
32X
0.10
C
6.
7.
8X .(O1)
8.
R R2 A2 A 0.25 GAGE PLANE A1 (S) L (L1) C (O) 5 R R1
BASE METAL PLATING
8
(C1)
b1 b 0.20 M C A-B D
DIM A A1 A2 b b1 c c1 D D1 e E E1 L L1 O O1 R1 R2 S
SECTION F-F
ROTATED 90CW 32 PLACES
Figure 4.
MTS Stereo Encoder, Rev. 0.5 8 PRELIMINARY--SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE Freescale Semiconductor
Functional Description
7
Functional Description
The following sections provide brief descriptions of the MC44C401L modules.
7.1 Phase Locked Loop (APLL)
The APLL, shown in Figure 5, locks to the reference frequency of 12 MHz and generates the master clock.
MC44C401L 384 MHz APLL VCO Ref Clk Oscillator XTALIN 12MHz XTALOUT / Clock Generator
22pF
2M
22pF
Figure 5. APLL and Clock Generator
7.2 Sync Separator
The Sync Separator, shown in Figure 6, extracts the composite sync from the incoming composite video signal. The composite sync is used by the Audio Processor to generate the 15.734 kHz pilot tone and the 31.468 kHz carrier to modulate the Left-Right channel. The nominal output level of composite video signal sources is 1 Vpp on 75 and the sync amplitude is 0.3 V.
MC44C401L 1K CVBS IN 470pF 1M 0.1F CVBS Sync Separator Audio Processor
Figure 6. Sync Separator
MTS Stereo Encoder, Rev. 0.5 Freescale Semiconductor PRELIMINARY--SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE 9
Functional Description
Input Left Channel only 1800Hz 400mVp-p Audio Precision SYS2 Left In Audio Generator Audio Spectrum Analyzer Audio Analyzer Adjust for optimal separation with only Left Channel driven 1800Hz Modulator No Audio Pre-emphasis Spectrum Analyzer Precision Receiver (TEK TV1350) Precision MTS Decoder (Modulation Sciences SRD1) 0db / 25kHz deviation = 1.4Vp-p @ 1kHz Mono (both channels driven) Wide Band Output 25kHz deviation Check = 10396Hz @ 25kHz deviation gives bessel null and Ref Level on SRD-1 Right In Stereo Encoder Composite Video CVBS In
Attenuator
4.5MHz Notch Filter Composite Video
NOTES: 1. Input 1kHz both channels @ 1.45Vp-p. 2. Set attenuator for 25kHz deviation out of modulator. 3. Input 1.8kHz 0.4Vp-p on left channel only and optimize stereo separation with attenuator.
Figure 7. MC44C401L Level Setup
MTS Stereo Encoder, Rev. 0.5 10 PRELIMINARY--SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE Freescale Semiconductor
Functional Description
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MTS Stereo Encoder, Rev. 0.5 Freescale Semiconductor PRELIMINARY--SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE 11
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MC44C401L Rev. 0.5 07/2004
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